IDEOLOGICAL VIEWS OF HUMANISTS AND THEIR CONTRADICTIONS: FROM THE HISTORY OF RELIGIOUS AND PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHT

Skopa V. A., Prokopyeva N. V.

The beginning of the Renaissance is traditionally associated with the special political, economic and social conditions that had developed in Italy by the 14th century. This is the economic boom of the cities of Northern and Central Italy; the emergence of early capitalist relations; the formation of urban communes. The ideological views of the humanists had a significant impact on the development of religious and philosophical thought, but at the same time their concepts often caused controversy. During the Renaissance, humanism became an expression of man's desire for self-knowledge and the assertion of his rights and dignity. Humanists focused on the value of the human personality, his reason and free will, which contradicted traditional religious beliefs emphasizing the greatness of God and man's dependence on Him. The ideological views of the humanists became a key link on the path to modern ideas about man and his role in the world, opening up new horizons for religious and philosophical thought.

Keywords:humanism, history of religious and philosophical thought, Petrarch, Manetti, soul, God.