PECULIARITIES OF STUDYING THE TERRITORY OF THE NATIVE LAND WITH YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN

Barashkina Svetlana Borisovna

the urgency of the problem is determined by the need to familiarize younger schoolchildren of the Penza region with the territories of the region. The problem of familiarization is related to the lack of methodological resources for elementary school students in the textbooks of the course "The world around us" and the need to organize systematic work to develop the local history behavior of children of this age group. In the course of regular and extracurricular activities, the student learns not only theoretical knowledge about the territories of his native land, but also has the opportunity to participate in regional projects on local history education. An important aspect in the organization of activities with primary school students on issues of local history education is the choice of forms that make it possible to make multicultural activities relevant effective, and events should be given the status of events saturated with significant facts of public and personal life. This article presents an analysis of the available knowledge of younger schoolchildren, using the example of one of the schools in Penza, and defines the route of their local history development using the subject "The surrounding world". Research methods: theoretical analysis, questionnaires, forecasting. The presented methodological recommendations and conclusions do not cover the description of all the ways necessary for the development of knowledge of younger schoolchildren about the territories of their native land, however, they help to define a view on the problems of the formation of patriotic feelings from the standpoint of the need for their clear definition and understanding of the conditions for their improvement. The result of the formation of patriotic feelings of younger schoolchildren should be: the acquisition of information competence of the student in order to enrich their view of the history of the origin of the names of cities in the Penza region, the specifics of people's activities and existing attractions. The theoretical significance lies in determining the order in the components that determine the patriotic feelings of students. The following components are taken as the basis of judgments: cognitive (knowledge of belonging to a given territory); value (semantic (attitude to belonging: positive, negative); emotional (acceptance or rejection of one's belonging to a given territory, possession of information about the sights of cities and famous people); activity (behavioral (civic engagement and participation in volunteer activities and social projects aimed at urban transformation).The practical significance lies in the possibility of clarifying the content of knowledge about the cities of the Penza region and the selection of methodological techniques and forms that ensure the formation of patriotic feelings of elementary school students.

Keywords:local history behavior, civic identity, sights of the cities of the Penza region, social activity, case problems, local history