THE ROLE OF ZEMSTVO ADMINISTRATIONS AND PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS IN ORGANIZING MOBILIZATION IN THE KAZAN MILITARY DISTRICT DURING WORLD WAR I

Efimenko Anton Dmitrievich

This study presents an analysis of archival data and personal sources on the organization of mobilization during World War I in the Kazan Military District. The subject of the study is mobilization activities in the Kazan Military District. The purpose of the study is to identify the distinct roles of zemstvos and public organizations in mobilizing during the early part of World War I in the Kazan Military District. The research methodology was determined by the purpose and objectives of the study and included: an inductive method, a dialectical method of cognition, a historiographic method, and an analysis of archival sources, personal sources, and official documents. To assess the role of zemstvos and public associations in organizing mobilization activities, an analysis of statistical data, accounting data, and financial statements presented in official documents was used. The study identified the main causes of difficulties encountered by zemstvo authorities in organizing mobilization. Archival data on the resources available to zemstvos for organizing mobilization efforts was analyzed. The positive effects and threats arising from public organizations' support for mobilization are examined. A classification of public organizations that supported mobilization activities is presented. The novelty of this study stems from the insufficient exploration of the problems involved in organizing mobilization activities. The identified risks and organizational features that arose with public organizations' support for mobilization underscore the practical significance of the study, as they can be taken into account today. The study identified the main challenges faced by zemstvo authorities in organizing mobilization activities and analyzed the role of coordination between authorities and public organizations and associations. The key features of the functioning of civil society institutions involved in mobilization activities are analyzed, as are the risks they pose to authorities and the public administration system. Particular attention is paid to the study of zemstvo activities from a regional perspective.

Keywords:World War I, Kazan Military District, mobilization, zemstvo administration, public organizations.