HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE INFORMATION SECURITY SYSTEM IN RUSSIA IN 1922–1929. PART 2. INFORMATION TO BE PROTECTED AND METHODS OF PROTECTING INFORMATION

Timerbulatov Tagir Alifovich, Yusupov Rakhimyan Galimianovich

Ensuring information security is a complex process, combining legal, organizational, scientific, technical, and other aspects of state activity. Of scholarly interest is the question of whether the Soviet state's activities in the information sphere were systemic in the 1920s, the period when the USSR was formed and when its economic development was a subject of debate and a factor in the intra-party struggle for power. Part 2 of this article examines issues related to the organization and methods of information protection. It is established that considerable attention was devoted to the formation of the institution of state secrets. Various organizational and technical methods of information protection were employed—the state fully defined the areas of protective activity and clarified the appropriate procedures. However, the information security system was not fully developed. Financial problems played a negative role. Funding was prioritized for organizations engaged in scientific and technical development of the information sphere, while censorship bodies, for example, received minimal funding, especially at the local level. Technological lag behind Western countries also played a role. At the same time, the 1920s can be considered a period of formation of the organizational and personnel foundation of Soviet science and technology. Overall, information security was an area whose importance, given the changing domestic political conditions of the 1920s, was not subject to revision, and its provision was developed systematically.

Keywords:USSR, information, system, information protection, information security.