SOCIO-ECONOMIC SITUATION AND LIFE OF SETTLERS IN THE STEPPE REGION AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Skopa V. A.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the dominant type of migration to the Steppe region was external migration, which was mainly carried out in the form of agricultural resettlement. The process of colonization of the Steppe region exacerbated many social and economic contradictions, especially in the agrarian issue. The serious steps taken by the government to strengthen the well-being of the peasant masses in the settlement areas played a significant role. The natural, historical and economic features of the Steppe region left a unique imprint on the local peasant economy. The socio-economic situation and life of settlers at the beginning of the 20th century within the territorial boundaries of the Steppe Territory underwent significant changes from the beginning of their arrival and subsequently. The most important factors that influenced this process were government measures, which included the provision of loans, land surveying and distribution of plots, as well as the socio-economic and cultural adaptation of the settlers themselves.

Keywords:resettlement movement, Steppe region, colonization, Russian Empire, Kazakhstan