SEMANTIC FEATURES OF THE TEMPORAL PICTURE OF THE WORLD (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF THE RUSSIAN AND FRENCH LANGUAGES)

Tugusheva Fatimat Ammaevna, Khamurzova Aminat Gazalievna, Loova Esmira Safarovna

Comparison of interlingual facts in the synchronic aspect reveals various structures of human consciousness and reflects the relationship between thought processes and the ways of their verbalization. Such a comparison is the basis for further comparison both at the category level (for example, time) and at the level of national pictures of the world with the allocation of similarities based on the universality of knowledge of the world, as well as differences due to the idioethnic environment. The time code is one of the main ones, playing a fundamental role in the construction of the linguistic picture of the world, in the process of comparison it shows its socio-cultural and expressive-emotional specificity. Lexicon and phraseology nominating various aspects of temporality in the compared languages represent well-structured groups. The analysis of lexemes and phraseological units with a temporal component allows us to discover their semantic features. Comparative studies on the material of phraseological units reveal common features in the systems of temporal metaphors. Elements of the temporal picture of the world are a consequence of the verbalization of associative links existing in various linguacultures, underlying the evaluative measurement of temporal relations fixed in the compared language units. The aim of the study is to identify points of contact and discrepancy between the semantic structures of interlingual correspondences of Russian and French phraseological units with the meaning of temporality. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved in the study: - definition of the lexical-semantic group of words covering the sphere of temporality in the Russian and French languages; - analysis of the formal and substantive structures of temporal concepts in the Russian and French languages.

Keywords:temporality, semantics, comparison, category, metaphor, metonymy.