The use of masimov in colloquial speech the inhabitants of the cities of Tulum and Akumal mexican state of Quintana Roo

Shakhnazaryan Vladimir

The territorial dialect of the Mexican national version of the Spanish language and the Mayan language coexist for more than 400 years on the territory of the Yucatan Peninsula. Despite the fact that the ancient Mayans language continues to lose its popularity every year, its influence on the Spanish language of the region can be seen at all levels of the language system. The purpose of this work is to identify the usage of maisms in lively conversation of the residents of the cities of Tulum and Akumal of the Mexican state Quintana Roo. The subject of the study is the lively spoken Spanish language of these cities. During our study, we used the methods of questionnaire, survey, direct observation, statistical and analytical methods. The results of a survey of local residents with an education level not lower than the bachelor show us the presence of usage of maisms in speech on everyday topics. The analysis of the obtained material showed that all the maisms can be divided into 6 groups after the Mexican linguist J.M. Lope Blanch (1979): Group 1. Vocabulary known to absolutely everyone (99-100% of respondents). Group 2. Vocabulary known to almost all respondents (85-98%). Group 3. Vocabulary known to half of the inhabitants (50-84%). Group 4. Little-known vocabulary (25-49%). Group 5. Very little-known vocabulary (2-24%). Group 6. Almost unknown vocabulary (0-1%) [Lope Blanch, 1979: 34-35]. During our studying of the data, we came to the conclusion that there are semantic changes in the lexemes of the maisms corpus. Among them are words with a narrowing of the lexical meaning, words with an extension of the lexical meaning and words with a narrowing and extension of the meaning.

Keywords:Spanish, dialect, maisms, lively speaking language, the Yucatan Peninsula, Quintana Roo.